Math Playground
Geometry

Point, line & plane

The three things every other shape is built from.

Every shape in geometry is built from three things: points, lines and planes. They're the alphabet — once you know them, every theorem is a sentence written with them.

The three primitives

  • Point — a position with no size at all. Drawn as a tiny dot, named with a capital letter (A, B, P).
  • Line — straight, infinite in both directions. Two points are enough to fix one — line AB.
  • Plane — a flat surface that goes on forever. Three non-collinear points lock it down.

Useful relatives

  • Ray — half a line. Starts at a point, goes forever the other way.
  • Line segment — a piece of a line, with two endpoints.
  • Collinear — points sitting on the same line.
  • Coplanar — points sitting in the same plane.

Two distinct points always determine exactly one line. Two distinct lines either meet at one point, are parallel (never meet), or — in 3D — skew (don't meet and aren't parallel).