Math Playground
Algebra

Dot product

Multiply two vectors to get a number — and read off the angle between them.

Multiply two vectors to get a number — the dot product. Tells you how aligned they are.

Component form
a · b = a₁b₁ + a₂b₂ + a₃b₃
Geometric
a · b = |a| |b| cos θ

If a · b = 0, the vectors are perpendicular.