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Quadrilaterals

Four sides, four corners — and a family tree of overlapping definitions. A square is a rectangle is a rhombus is a parallelogram.

Quadrilateral family

Selected

Square

Four equal sides, four right angles.

  • 4 equal sides
  • 4 right angles
  • Diagonals equal & perpendicular
Every interior angle sum = 360°

The family tree

  • Square — 4 equal sides, 4 right angles. Most special.
  • Rectangle — 4 right angles, opposite sides equal.
  • Rhombus — 4 equal sides, opposite angles equal.
  • Parallelogram — both pairs of opposite sides parallel and equal.
  • Trapezoid (US) / trapezium (UK) — at least one pair of parallel sides.
  • Kite — two pairs of adjacent equal sides.

Inheritance

A square inherits all the properties of its ancestors: it's a rectangle, a rhombus, a parallelogram, and a kite — all at once. The names overlap on purpose.

Always-true facts

  • The four interior angles always sum to 360°.
  • The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
  • The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular.
  • The diagonals of a rectangle are equal in length.

Area formulas

  • Square: A = s²
  • Rectangle: A = w × h
  • Parallelogram: A = base × height
  • Rhombus: A = ½ × d₁ × d₂ (diagonals)
  • Trapezoid: A = ½(a + b) × h
  • Kite: A = ½ × d₁ × d₂