Math Playground
Numbers

Evolution of numbers

Counting → naturals → integers → rationals → reals → complex. The story.

Numbers grew with human needs — counting led to fractions, debt led to negatives, geometry led to irrationals, and equations led to imaginaries.

Walk through
Step 1 of 5
ℕ — counting numbers

1, 2, 3, … Born from counting sheep, days and people. No zero, no negatives, no fractions yet.

Stages

  • Naturals {1, 2, 3, …} — counting.
  • Whole numbers {0, 1, 2, …} — add zero.
  • Integers {…, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, …} — add negatives.
  • Rationals — fractions.
  • Reals — add irrationals.
  • Complex — add i.